Teacher packs in experimental science phy pack 4 determination. Note that this report does not represent a real experiment and thus should be used only as an example of style and form. Sc physics,1st year chennai mathematical institute 17. After conducting this experiment students will understand 1 measurement technique of refractive index of liquid 2 variation of refractive index with concentration, 3 probable. Assessment of refractive index of pigments by gaussian fitting of light backscattering data in context of the liquid immersion method article pdf available in applied spectroscopy 645. This book will help you understand basic terms and concepts about scientific experiments. Imaginary refractive index absorption of light within particle. A short, very precise and clear introduction to experimental research, created by. Practical on how to measure the refractive index of a perspex or glass block. I found a great light refraction experiment video on youtube and decided to try it with tigger. Measuring the refractive index of a liquid 1 turn on the light. The relative refractive index is the ratio of the speed of light in one medium to that in the adjacent medium.
Final value of refractive index of water relative to air. The speed of light in a medium depends on the medium itself, temperature and wavelength. Furtado a, pedro munari, reinaldo morabitoa, afederal university of sao carlos, rodovia washington lu s, km 235 sao carlos sao paulo cep 565905 brazil. The main theory suggested by this model is that the knowledgeable entrepreneurs are attracted to those careers and activities that require the skilled and educated labor force, influencing the trends in career. In the above equations, n i is a dimensionless constant known as the index of refraction or refractive index of medium i. Measurement of refractive index using a michelson in terferomefer j j fendley the michelson interferometer has long been a popular piece of equipment in the physics under graduate laboratory. Use the download button below or simple online reader. The refractive index n of an optical medium is defined as the ratio of the speed of light in vacuum. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. In addition to determining the angle of refraction, n also determines the speed of. Study of concentration dependence of refractive index of.
Indian association of physics teachers national standard examination in junior science 2010 2011 date of examination. Relaxing with the maurer research group in louisville. Journal of neuroscience methods 172 2008 178184 179 angles are much smaller than galvanometers, they offer signi. Apparatus and material required a travelling microscope, a glass slab, lycopodium powderchalk dust and a paper. Experiment 1f2 fv 12514 measurements in the chemistry laboratory ii purpose.
To change the index of refraction, we change the pressure. Draw the incident and emergent paths of the laser on the paper. Calculate the refractive index for a substance if the speed of light in that medium is. To determine the refractive index of a prism by using a spectrometer. After standard secmals data collection, right click on the file name of an open file in astra b. Determine the refractive index of a given transparent glass block. Activitylab worksheet example answers 1 determining the refractive index of water. New scientist vol 210, issue 28, pages 361 21 may 2011. Refractive index definition pdf the refractive index is a unitless parameter, equal to 1 for a vacuum and. Thought leaders in data science and analytics 2012 james g. Carotid ultrasound and the emergency department physician. Measureing refractive index values with use of polarizer 1. Calculate the speed of light for the following mediums.
Spectrometer, prism, mercury vapour lamp, spirit level and reading lens. Were continuing with our simple science experiments this week by taking a look at light refraction. Despite this, aquatic research is still divided in marine and freshwater sciences. Finding refractive index using travelling microscope for. Required materials for conducting experiments you will need. Secmals protein conjugate analysis harvard university. The value does not diverge much from values listed in tables, that is 1. To determine the refractive index of a glass block using the noparallax method. Using novel materials to enhance the efficiency of conductive polymer cheng yang 1, matthew m. Refractive indices can be measured to the tenthousandths place. While three key players in the clotting cascade continue to function along. Values for the index of refraction are quoted at atmospheric pressure p 0. A new technique for combining multiple classifiers using the. Pdf determination of refractive index of a liquid using.
Michelson interferometer, to measure the small change in phase velocity of light passing through various gasses. Refractiveindexmatched hydrogel materials for measuring. The index of refraction minus one is proportional to the pressure, so n 1. If a ray hits a transparent triangle on the opposite side to the normal, then the\ nrefractive index is 1r, where r is the index of the material. The limitation of using the average refractive index model in photonic crystal fibres. Refractive index measurements of planar chalcogenide thin film. Refractive index of different liquids using hollow prism physics kids projects, physics science fair project, pyhsical science, astrology, planets solar experiments for kids and also organics physics science ideas for cbse, icse, gcse, middleschool, elementary school for 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and high school students. Index of refraction is measured without embedded tracers using a refractometer atago inc. Repeat the experiment for the other angles of incidences, 0 o, 30 o, 45 o and 60 o tabulate the values of the angles i and r, and also using the calculator, the values of sin i and sin r.
Pdf reducing the experimental error in an experiment to. Verification of flux measurement using relaxed eddy accumulation. Yuen2, bing xu1 1department of chemistry, the hong kong university of science and technology 2department of mechanical engineering, the hong kong university of science and technology. Permissions to reprint documents can be acquired through. Density measurements are made using archimedes method, again using the deionized water with which the particles are manufactured. Notes look directly down through the glass or plastic block to measure the angle of refraction. Determination of the refractive index of a glass block. It carries a vernier scale along the main scale and can be moved upward or downward. This effect is the origin of the index of refraction of a transparent material medium. Efficient heuristics for scheduling tasks on a flow shop enviroment to optimize makespan a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the requirement for the degree of master of technology in production engineering by atul kumar sahu under the guidance of dr.
Refractive index of crop juices poor average good excellent calibrated in % sucrose or 0brix poor average good excellent vegetables asparagus beets bell peppers broccoli cabbage carrots cauliflower celery corn stalks corn young cow peas cucumbers endives english peas escarole field peas green beans hot peppers. Lets continue the exploration of the frequency response of rlc circuits by investigating the series rlc circuit shown on figure 1. For water and diamond, which has a refractive index of 2. Osa change of refractive index of water as a function of. Any errors present in the experiment were likely the cause of improper angle measurement during the procedure. The index of refraction of gasses using a michelson. Now, scientists from 19 leading research institutes. National character does not reflect mean personality trait levels in 49 cultures, 7 oct. We use cookies to offer you a better experience, personalize content, tailor advertising, provide social media features, and better understand the use of our services.
D1218122016 standard test method for refractive index and refractive dispersion of hydrocarbon liquids optical dispersion liquid. Voshchinnikov3, ramon paniaguadominguez1, and arseniy i. Describe an experiment to find the refractive index of a. In this experiment you will use a very sensitive instrument, the. Standard refractive index measurements are taken at the yellow doublet sodium d line, with a wavelength of 589 nanometers. We will round our measurements to the thousandths place. According to our measurements, value of refractive index of water is 1. The refractive index in the visible and nearinfrared depended on the volume. For glass and air, which have refractive indices of 1. The refractive index is a unitless parameter, equal to 1 for a vacuum and larger. Dec 10, 2016 steps in conducting experimental research decide if any experiment addresses the research problem from a hypothesis to test causeandeffect relationship select an experimental unit and identify study participants select an experimental treatment and introduce it choose a type of experimental design conduct the experiment organize and.
Tunability of the refractive index of gold nanoparticle dispersions. Pdf the refractive index of a material is one of the most important optical parameters. The first section of the lab was to correctly configure the michelson interferometer and to. A straight line through the origin verifies snells law of refraction i. Random errors in measurement usually produce a normal frequency distri hution of measured values. The decline in areal extent of arctic sea icehas been. Because it is particularly difficult to evaluate the accuracy of national stereotypes, the report by a. Conclusion the goal of this experiment was to verify. On the use of a michelson interferometer to determine. The index of refraction nis dependent on pressure p, so the formula becomes m 2dnp 1 for shorthand, nwill be used instead of np. Clean the prism face with acetone and carefully blot it dry with a kimwipe. Refraction experiment to study refraction of microwaves, we setup a triangular ethafoam prism mold filled with styrene pellets, similar to how one can use a glass prism to study refraction of light.
Using novel materials to enhance the efficiency of conductive. Of this group of patients returning with cva, approximately 50% had subsequent stroke within 2 days of the index tia 3. Page 1 sci201 midterm 200 points 25 questions, each question is worth 8 points 1. Beamline optimization for long baseline neutrino experiment 121. The actual experiment reports will usually be longer as there is more material to cover. Biswal professor, department of mechanical engineering. A partially compensated michelson interferometer with cubecorner reflectors was used to measure the change of refractive index of water as a function of temperature. Many materials have a wellcharacterized refractive index, but these indexes depend strongly upon the frequency of light. In a classic experimental design, the researcher systematically manipulates or changes the variable presumed to be the causal agent this variable is called the independent variable and then. Place a glass block on a sheet of paper and draw its outline. The measuring prism is made of a glass with a high refractive index n21, 75. To verify snells law and measure the refractive index of. Example experiment report for phys 342l the following report is written to help students in compiling their own reports for phys 342l class. Microsim pspice ad how to use this online manual welcome to microsim overview commands analog devices digital devices customizing device equations glossary.
Use hollow prism to i study the variation of refractive index with concentration of sugar solution ii compare the refractive indices for different liquids like methanol, water, ethanol. The refractive index of water is 4 3 means the refractive index of water with respect to air. Find the halfpower frequencies by adjusting the scales of the graph to zoom in. Tans climate monitoring and diagnostics laboratory, noaa, boulder, colorado, u. Study of the pure double folding optical model for 100 mevu deuteron scattering 91.
Conclusion the goal of this experiment was to verify snells law and the law of. The slope of the line gives a value for the refractive index of glass. Overview of nonexperimental methods internal validity. In the final part of this experiment, we will confirm the identities of our unknowns using the refractive index of the liquids. The equation showing the slope corresponds to the refractive index of the liquid. Measuring the refractive index understanding standards. We used a mason jar since all of our drinking glasses have an etched design in them. Above, right this diagram is the exact configuration used in this lab for measuring the refractive index of air with the air cell in the uncompensated leg.
Refractive index lab worksheet example answers pdf. Refraction and interference with microwaves 3 figure 1 waves incident on an interface between index of refraction n 1 and n 2. Bionutrient food associationreal food campaign 411. The refractive index of glass is 3 2 means the refractive index of glass with respect to air. The mirror with the longest focal length, 30 cm, gave the refractive index to be 1.
An experiment to measure the latent heat of vaporization of liquid nitrogen and the average heat capacities at constant pressure of several materials in the temperature range 77295 k is described. Step by step instructions with lots of images included on how to set up the experiment, as well as slide show of images showing how to set up the experiment for your class. One of the most common uses of the refractive index is to compare the value. Travelling microscope is a compound microscope that is fitted on the vertical scale. For refraction, the refracted ray lies in the plane of incidence, and n 1sin. The measuring prism acts as the refractive index reference. Fresnels law determines how much of a ray is reflected when it hits a change\nin refractive index. Background to experiment visible light is a small portion of the spectrum of. Astm d1218 122016 standard test method for refractive index. Pdf experimental research in operation management in engine.
Into a readymade vessel pour water or other liquid which refractive index you want to measure. Check that the cooling water is flowing and record the water temperature on the precision thermometer to 0. The absolute refractive index of a medium is the ratio of the speed of electromagnetic radiation in free space to the speed of the radiation in that medium. Horst national center for atmospheric research, boulder, colorado, u. The file extension pdf and ranks to the presentations category. The digit in the last place, however, can vary widely. As the given value for the refractive index of water is 1. Due to the wavelength dependency, the refractive index is measured. Pergamon press ltd verification of flux measurement using relaxed eddy accumulation steven p. Experiment notes experiment is done in groups of 4.
Optimum forward light scattering by spherical and spheroidal. Pdf refractive index measurement and its applications. Measuring refractive index instructions for new teachers. The refractive index of air with a michelson interferometer. One possible to tind the uncer tainty interval for each xariable be to repeat each measurement many times. Determination of the refractive index of a liquid using.
Experimental determination of fractional charge eq in the. Kuznetsov1 1data storage institute, astar agency for science, technology and research, 5 engineering drive 1, 117608, singapore. Pdf study the effective a temperature and concentration. Kelly mouapi, muriel maurer, blake lynch, kelsey lamb kelly mouapi, kelsey lamb, blake lynch, muriel maurer. The aim of the experiment is to study the refraction index of a glass. Experimental and quasiexperimental studies bruce j. The reflectance is thus related to the difference in refractive indices between the two media. Walumbwad, adrian chana,e a university of washington, united states b claremont graduate university, united states c west point united states military academy, united states. The refractive index of glass is equal to the average value of r i sin sin. To verify snells law and measure the refractive index of a solid diagram apparatus laser glass block protractor procedure 1. There are also weaker dependencies on temperature, pressurestress, etc.
The result would be a distribution of data ior each \ ariable. Optimum forward light scattering by spherical and spheroidal dielectric nanoparticles with high refractive index boris s. Go to system method light scattering with qels protein conjugate d. Refractive index of liquids download presentations. To determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope. We have recently demonstrated 1 that the laughlin haldane prediction eeq for the charge e of quasiparticles excited across the energy gap.
Aim a laser at the glass block so that it emerges on the opposite site. Study the effective a temperature and concentration on refract ive index of water by using michelson interferometer article pdf available october 2015 with 2,743 reads how we measure reads. Refractive index of different liquids using hollow prism. Refractive index of liquids there is document refractive index of liquids available here for reading and downloading. Mar 21, 2017 lakes, rivers, estuaries and oceans are closely connected. Experiment aim to determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope. Use labview to plot the frequency response, sampling at 5 steps decade. Therefore total absolute uncertainty for the refractive index. I didnt know that refraction was what this experiment demonstrated. In this experiment, you are required to the refractive index of an acrylic determine trapezoid or any block with parallel faces by using snells law.
The refractive index n of a transparent material can be determined by measuring the angle of incidenc e and the. Youll get the best results with a clear, glass container for this experiment. Refractive index of material of a prism experiment. One possible application is the measurement of the refractive index of a thin. Follow the procedure to obtain values involved in the experiment. The purpose of this experiment is to become familiar with the common types of laboratory glassware and equipment, make observations, and analyze data. Below is an experiment to determine refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope. The north american symptomatic carotid endarterctomy trial nascet demonstrated a 90day stroke risk of 20. In this experiment a diffraction grating is placed in the center of the cylindrical vacuum. Twophoton imaging of spatially extended neuronal network. The triangular prism was in between a microwave transmitter to emit microwaves and a receiver to measure microwaves that were received. Modal noise mitigation in optical fibers with small circular diameters 81. Refraction through a prism consider a ray hm incident on a prism of refracting angle a fig.
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